The town planning of the Indus Valley Civilization (c. 2600–1900 BCE) is one of the most remarkable achievements of ancient urbanism. Sites such as Harappa, Mohenjo-Daro, and Lothal reveal a high degree of planning, organization, and administrative efficiency. These features collectively reflect an advanced system of urban governance. सिंधु घाटी सभ्यता (लगभग 2600–1900 ईसा पूर्व) की नगर-योजना प्राचीन नगरीकरण की सबसे उल्लेखनीय उपलब्धियों में से एक है। हड़प्पा, मोहनजोदड़ो और लोथल जैसे स्थल उच्च स्तर की योजना, संगठन और प्रशासनिक दक्षता को दर्शाते हैं। ये विशेषताएं सामूहिक रूप से शहरी शासन की एक उन्नत प्रणाली को परिलक्षित करती हैं। 1. Grid Pattern and Planned Layout One of the most striking features was the grid-based layout . Cities were systematically divided into rectangular blocks with streets intersecting at right angles. This indicates prior planning rather than organic growth. The presence of main roads and smaller lanes suggests zoning and traffic management, pointing toward a gover...
